Appendix 26. Endocrine mediated effects on birds and mammal reproduction
نویسندگان
چکیده
In the context of reproductive risk assessment for birds and mammals endocrine disrupting substances can be defined as substances that cause effects on bird and mammal reproduction through the disruption of endocrine processes. The environmental risk assessment performed under the current guidance document is based on the ecological relevance of the observed effects, independent of the mode of action that are (may be) responsible for such effects. Therefore the general procedure for risk assessment can also be used for endocrine disruptors.
منابع مشابه
Maternal programming of defensive responses through sustained effects on gene expression.
There are profound maternal effects on individual differences in defensive responses and reproductive strategies in species ranging literally from plants to insects to birds. Maternal effects commonly reflect the quality of the environment and are most likely mediated by the quality of the maternal provision (egg, propagule, etc.), which in turn determines growth rates and adult phenotype. In t...
متن کاملTo breed or not to breed: endocrine response to mercury contamination by an Arctic seabird.
Mercury, a ubiquitous toxic element, is known to alter expression of sex steroids and to impair reproduction across vertebrates but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not clearly identified. We examined whether contamination by mercury predicts the probability to skip reproduction in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from Svalbard. We also manipulated the endocrine system to i...
متن کاملSelecting the right bird model in experimental studies on endocrine disrupting chemicals
Birds have been used as model species in ecotoxicological research for decades but have only recently been included in toxicity testing schemes. However, the avian fauna is very diverse. Given this diversity, the ecology, behavior, and reproduction should be considered when selecting the appropriate bird model in ecotoxicological studies. This article focusses on choosing the right bird model s...
متن کاملSuppressed adrenocortical responses and thyroid hormone levels in birds near a mercury-contaminated river.
Much of the research on sublethal, adverse effects of mercury (Hg) has focused on impairment of neurological function and reproduction in fish and fish-eating vertebrates. Here we examined the associations between Hg and endocrine function (adrenocortical responses and plasma thyroid hormone concentrations) of insectivorous tree swallow nestlings adjacent to a Hg-contaminated river and nearby r...
متن کاملHealth effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on wildlife, with special reference to the European situation.
Many wildlife species may be exposed to biologically active concentrations of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. There is strong evidence obtained from laboratory studies showing the potential of several environmental chemicals to cause endocrine disruption at environmentally realistic exposure levels. In wildlife populations, associations have been reported between reproductive and developmental ...
متن کامل